Snow hike up 6,740' to the summit of Washington's second highest peak. Get amazing views of Mt. Hood and the Gorge. ... Takhlakh Lake is located 7 miles NW of Mt Adams with a 53 site campground on the west side of the lake as well as a day use picnic area.The campground features a boat ramp and a wheelchair-accessible 1.1 mile …Doing Adams in one day makes for one, long, day. BUT! It’s worth it to avoid the crowds, to carry super light packs, and to move quickly and freely along the trails. For reference, we summited in around 6.5 hours, and with approximately an hour of rest breaks, this ended up being about a 12 hour day. If this climb is split over two days, the ...Seismic monitoring station ASR at Mount Adams, Washington. Scientist conducting routine maintenance. (Credit: McChesney, Pat. Public domain.) The Pacific Northwest Seismic Network (PNSN) and CVO monitor seismicity at Mount Adams via a single nearby station (ASR, located about 10 km (6 mi) from the summit) and the broader …Explore the scenic and rugged landscape of Mount Adams Wilderness, home to the second highest mountain in Washington State. Find trails for all levels and activities, from easy …Browse Getty Images' premium collection of high-quality, authentic Mt Adams Washington stock photos, royalty-free images, and pictures. Mt Adams Washington stock photos are available in a variety of sizes and …Adams, Mount, Washington 12278'Higher Summits Forecast. Mount Washington Observatory is a private, nonprofit, member-supported institution with a mission to advance understanding of the natural systems that create Earth’s weather and climate. It serves this mission by maintaining a weather station on the summit of Mount Washington, performing weather and climate research ...Hiking Killen Creek to High Camp. Take this remote, flower-filled trail up the north side of Mount Adams to the rocky alpine terrain of giant glaciers. The Killen Creek Trail will take you on a dry, dusty climb through open lodgepole forest for more than 2 miles, but this initial stretch is more than worth it to get to the land of glaciers.Nov 19, 2012 ... Donnie and I started our 13-mile hike through the Southwest Washington wilderness at the Snowgrass Flats trailhead. We ascended about 1,600 feet ...Mount Adams, Washington simplified hazards map showing potential impact area for ground-based hazards during a volcanic event. During much of its history, Mount Adams has displayed a relatively limited range of eruptive styles. Highly explosive eruptions have been rare, and compared to the tens of large explosive eruptions at …Explore 367,000 acres of wilderness and recreation in the eastern portion of Gifford Pinchot National Forest, including the Lewis River Recreation Area and the Mt. Adams …The hulking mass of Mount Adams demands your attention, but you also can enjoy distant views of Mount Rainier, Mount St. Helens and the Goat Rocks and look across hundreds of square miles of forested ridges and valleys to the north and west. ... Washington Trails Association 705 2nd Ave, Suite 300 Seattle, WA 98104 (206) 625-1367. Facebook ... South Climb Trail #183 continues to climb before veering west to cross the Morrison Creek drainage and surmount Crescent Ridge. This section of the trail until its end about 1 mile above is marked by tall poles mounted in rock cairns. From Crescent Ridge, it continues north and up along the rocky ridge of krumholtz trees running adjacent to ... The highly anticipated Queen and Adam Lambert tour is just around the corner, and fans are buzzing with excitement. As one of the most iconic rock bands of all time, Queen has left... Mount Adams via the South Spur is a strenuous 14 mile snow scramble to the summit of one of Washington's volcanoes, with 6,600 feet of elevation gain, commonly done in two days. getting there From I-5 south take SR 12 east for 48 miles to Randle. Mount Adams via the South Spur is a strenuous 14 mile snow scramble to the summit of one of Washington's volcanoes, with 6,600 feet of elevation gain, commonly done in two days. getting there From I-5 south take SR 12 east for 48 miles to Randle.Sep 13, 2022 · Description. Added by Jeffrey Helbling. Snow hike up 6,740' to the summit of Washington's second highest peak. Get amazing views of Mt. Hood and the Gorge. Start by checking in at the Trout Lake Ranger station to pick up a Cascade Volcanoes pass for $10-$15. Continue the South Climb trailhead at the Cloud Cap Campground. Hiking Riley Camp. This route is the perfect gateway to Mount Adams spectacular high country on its less-visited western side. It climbs through dense forests, past a small lake, then across Riley Meadows, which features great campsites, before joining the Pacific Crest Trail. From there you can continue on to Sheep Lake or head off-trail to ... Mount Adams is the largest active volcano in Washington State and among the largest in the Cascades. Summary. Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details. Mount …Sep 21, 2023 ... It had a number of erosion ditches which made good clearance a big help. It was also narrow with a few tight switchbacks which explains the ...Enjoy the view of Mt Adams. Mt Adams is the second highest peak in the northwest after Mt. Rainier, towering 12,276 feet high. That means there are plenty of places around Trout Lake where you can enjoy the view, including along Lake Road at the entrance to the Trout Lake Natural Area Preserve which is also a great picnic, SUP or kayaking spot.Sep 1, 2022 · Mount Adams South Climb Trail. Proceed cautiously on this 18.7-km out-and-back trail near Trout Lake, Washington. Generally considered a highly challenging route, it takes an average of 10 h 34 min to complete and should only be attempted by experienced adventurers. This is a very popular area for backpacking, camping, and hiking, so you'll ... Mt. Adams Institute provides programs that strengthen the connection between people and the natural world through education, service, career development & ...Mt. Adams, Washington. Last Updated: 21 February 2001. Mt. Adams is an active andesitic stratovolcano. Most of the main cone is younger than 220,000 years. Post glacial eruptions and weak fumaroles suggest that Mt. Adams may erupt again. East Crater is a shield volcano along the Indian Heaven volcanic field that erupted basalt during the ...Mt. Kilimanjaro is a stratovolcano. A stratovolcano, also called a composite volcano, is tall and steep and has many layers of lava, tephra (what falls back through the air after a...Even though Mount Adams has been less active during the past few thousand years than neighboring Mounts St. Helens, Rainier, and Hood, it assuredly will erupt again. ... >> Pubs Warehouse > OF 95–492. Volcano Hazards in the Mount Adams Region, Washington By William E. Scott, Richard M. Iverson, James W. Vallance, and …Overview: Hike through beautiful woods, subalpine meadows, and glacial moraines to a viewpoint over Iceberg Lake. Opinion: I can say that after hiking all over Washington, including Cascade Pass in the North Cascades, and both Pinnacle Peak and 3rd Burroughs Mountain in Mount Rainier National Park, the Iceberg Lake Hike on Mount Adams was …At a Glance. Current Conditions: 05/15/2023: The Sno-Park is accessible and clear of snow. Winter Grooming and plowing updates visit Washington State Parks winter recreation website. Contact Mt. Adams Ranger District for local conditions (509)395-3402. Sno-Park passes are required December 1-March 31.Aug 18, 2018 ... Adams. It was huge! I had been climbing peaks of similar height all summer, but I honestly forgot how huge the Washington volcanoes are. Pretty ...Mt. Adams is the 2nd highest mountain in Washington and 3rd highest peak in the Cascade Range. Lewis and Clark spotted Mt. Adams in 1805, but it was mistook it for St. Helens. The first ascent of Mount Adams was in 1854 and was made by Aiken, Shaw, Birge and & Allen. It is possible that botanist David Douglas climbed the mountain soon after ...Mount Adams is the second tallest peak in Washington, towering over 12,276 feet. The South Climb Route (our planned climbing route) begins near Cold Springs Campground on the South Climb Trail # 183. This route gains about 6,600 feet in elevation over approximately 5.7 miles. A guide to hiking Mount Adams South Climb, a 12-mile roundtrip route that requires technical expertise and ice axes, trekking poles, or microspikes. The trailhead is at the end of a rough forest road and the summit offers stunning views of the Cascades and the surrounding peaks. The Bird Creek Meadows trails are on Yakama Nation lands and in recent years, the Yakama Nation Mount Adams Recreation Area has only been open for one month in late summer. Contact [email protected] or call (509) 865-5121 ext. 4613 for current information on open dates and day-use fees.This is a difficult one way trail in Mount Adams Wilderness. Mount Adams is the 2nd highest peak in Washington and this summit should only be accomplished by experienced hikers, with necessary gear (crampons/ice axe/poles etc). This trail starts near Cold Springs Campground and passes Crescent Glacier. There are no established trails beyond …Mount Adams is still the 3rd highest major Cascade volcano, trailing only Rainier and Shasta and towering a good 1,000 feet higher than Mount Hood. It is a massive peak, somehat hump-shaped, and ringed by large glaciers on all sides but the south, where permanent snowfields allow for an easy and non-technical ascent.Mt. Kilimanjaro is a stratovolcano. A stratovolcano, also called a composite volcano, is tall and steep and has many layers of lava, tephra (what falls back through the air after a...Sep 29, 2016 · Mt. Adams (12,280′) is a bit of a unicorn for those living in the more densely populated regions of the Pacific Northwest. We don’t see it, we only hear stories and see pictures of its massive, lumpy, flat-top towering 8,000′ over the surrounding landscape. One might get the sense that the true nature of the mountain is remote, mysterious ... Mount Adams weather forecast updated daily. NOAA weather radar, satellite and synoptic charts. Current conditions, warnings and historical records ... Today 9 Mar Upper Slopes of the Eastern Washington Cascades Crest. Rain and mountain snow likely. Mountain snow accumulation up to 2 Inches. Snow level 3500 feet. Highs in the lower 30s to lower 40s.Mount Washington is the highest peak east of the Mississippi River, north of North Carolina, and south of Ellesmere Island in North America. It is also one of most popular hiking, backcountry skiing, alpine climbing and ice climbing destinations in New England. Affectionately known as "the Rock Pile," it is located in northern New Hampshire ...Nov 7, 2023 · Between 15 and 14 ka, two cinder cones fed lava flows on upper and lower flanks of Mount Adams, and a short fissure eruption occurred within the surrounding field. From 7.7 to 3.8 ka three substantial vents at the base of the steep central cone effused andesite lava flows and produced at least 14 explosive eruptions of tephra when magma ... Ice-capped Mount Adams sits astride the Cascade Range crest 50 km (30 mi) north of the Columbia River and 60 km (37 mi) east of Mount St. Helens. The volcano is 3,742 m (12,276 ft) in elevation and towers about 3 km (9,800 ft) above the surrounding lowlands. The mostly andesitic volcano stands near the center of a volcanic field that erupted in ... Mount Adams: South Spur and Mazama Glacier. Proceed cautiously on this 11.7-mile out-and-back trail near Trout Lake, Washington. Generally considered a highly challenging route, it takes an average of 10 h 30 min to complete and should only be attempted by experienced adventurers. This is a very popular area for backpacking, hiking, and rock ... Mount Adams (12,307), the second highest peak in Washington, stands in the southwestern part of the state. The Yakamas called it Pahto. They claim it as their mountain. On a clear day Pahto (Mt. Adams), the sacred mountain of the Yakamas, towers above the Lower Valley. The great white mountain represents the ways of the past – the pursuit of ...Mt. Adams is a striking feature of the western skyline from here in the Yakima Valley of Central Washington. Here's what it looked like from our neighborhood at sunrise a few months back: The towering volcanic cone looks close enough to touch, but in reality, reaching the base of Washington's second highest peak requires a…Concierges can solve many problems and handle difficult tasks with surprising alacrity. Learn the difference between hotel concierges and personal concierges. Advertisement Jack Na...Mount Adams, known by some Native American tribes as Pahto or Klickitat, is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range. Although Adams has not erupted in more …From Vancouver take Highway 14 East to Highway 141, then go North to Trout Lake WA. Peterson Prairie Cabin is located 7 miles from Trout Lake, Washington, along Forest Road 24. At Trout Lake go 4 Miles past the Mt. Adams Ranger Station at the end of Highway 141. Continue West on Forest Road 24 for 2.5 miles, the site will be on your left.Sep 1, 2023 ... The south climb route of Mount Adams is the most popular route. It is about 12 miles round-trip with an elevation gain of 6,700 feet. Most ...Higher Summits Forecast. Mount Washington Observatory is a private, nonprofit, member-supported institution with a mission to advance understanding of the natural systems that create Earth’s weather and climate. It serves this mission by maintaining a weather station on the summit of Mount Washington, performing weather and climate research ...Mount Adams (Washington) Mount Adams is the second-highest mountain in the Pacific Northwest of North America. It is a volcano in the Cascade Range. Adams is located about 35 miles (56 km) east of Mount St. Helens .Mount Adams, the second highest peak in New Hampshire (after Mount Washington), dominates the northern Presidentials.To the northeast of it lies Mount Madison, and to the southwest lies Mount Jefferson.It has two significant subsidiary peaks, Mount John Quincy Adams (5394 feet, 44.324°N, 71.289°W) lies to the east of the main peak, overlooking …Mount Adams is one of the most remarkable natural landmarks in the United States. Located in Washington State’s Cascade Range, this majestic mountain stands at an impressive height of 12,280 feet. With its stunning snow-covered peaks, breathtaking views, and rich cultural significance, Mount Adams captivates the minds … From May 1st to Sept. 30th A Mt. Adams Climbing Activity pass is required for any climbing activity above 7000' elevation Passes are available on-line only at Recreation.gov. Purchase your pass before your trip as the area lacks cell coverage. Contact the Mt. Adams Ranger District 509-395-3402 for further information. Mt. Adams Climbing information Extreme Mount Washington is located inside the Mt. Washington State Park Sherman Adams Visitor Center, so please visit the Mt. Washington State Park website to plan your visit. When the building is open, Extreme Mount Washington operates from 9AM to 5PM daily. Cost. General Public Adults and children 7 and older: $2 Children 6 and under: FreeAdams Glacier AI2-3 Steep Snow Avalanche-White Salmon Glaciers Mod. Snow Lava Glacier Mod. Snow Lyman Glacier Mod. Snow Mazama Glacier Headwall Steep Snow Mount Adams circumnavigation T Easy 5th 1+ 3 I … Hiking Riley Camp. This route is the perfect gateway to Mount Adams spectacular high country on its less-visited western side. It climbs through dense forests, past a small lake, then across Riley Meadows, which features great campsites, before joining the Pacific Crest Trail. From there you can continue on to Sheep Lake or head off-trail to ... The Mount Adams trail provides a unique opportunity to explore the area surrounding one of Washington's largest volcanoes. This trail is suited for riders who enjoy a mix of open spaces and forested areas. To reach the Mount Adams trail, snowmobilers can head towards Trout Lake via Highway 141 and follow the signs to the snowmobile …Mt. Adams is the 2nd highest peak in Washington State and is the “little brother” of Rainier. The route ascends the moderately angled, up to 30 degrees, South Spur to the false summit at Pikers Peak, then across the volcanic crater and up the final slope to the true summit. Forest road 8040-500 leads to the trailhead at Cold Springs ...Higher Summits Forecast. Mount Washington Observatory is a private, nonprofit, member-supported institution with a mission to advance understanding of the natural systems that create Earth’s weather and climate. It serves this mission by maintaining a weather station on the summit of Mount Washington, performing weather and climate research ...From Trout Lake, WA take Mt Adams Road north to the V intersection with Forest Road 23. At this intersection stay to the right and continue about one mile to a hard-to-see intersection with Forest Road 80 on the left signed for South Climb. Turn left and stay on Forest Road 80 for 3.7 miles to its intersection with Forest Road 8040. At an elevation of 12,276 feet, Mt. Adams is the second highest peak in Washington; however, with an 18-mile wide diameter it is the largest volcano by bulk in the state. It supports over 10 active glaciers that provide water to the forests, streams, and meadows below. These glaciers, along with adjoining ridges and permanent snow fields, sport ... Learn about the second most massive and third tallest volcano in the Cascade range, located in Washington state. Find out the best routes, difficulty levels, ac…Sep 1, 2022 · Mount Adams South Climb Trail. Proceed cautiously on this 18.7-km out-and-back trail near Trout Lake, Washington. Generally considered a highly challenging route, it takes an average of 10 h 34 min to complete and should only be attempted by experienced adventurers. This is a very popular area for backpacking, camping, and hiking, so you'll ... Hiking Sleeping Beauty Peak. This fairy tale land is for real. Atop the ridge where a fire lookout tower once stood, gaze out to a landscape dominated by Mount Adams and down to the valleys of the Indian Heaven Wilderness. For the little mileage that you put into this hike, you get some big views. From the trailhead, the trail mercilessly gains ... Latitude, Longitude: 46.20244, -121.49103. Elevation: 12307 feet. Mt. Adams is the often forgotten volcano of our area. Mount Saint Helens picks up the headlines, while Mount Hood sparkles east of Portland and Mount Rainier dominates the Puget Sound view. Seemingly, a little too far east, Mt. Adams has a history of being ignored.The views across the lake of Mt. Adams are outstanding. The northern trails of the Mt. Adams Wilderness are nearby. Takhlakh Loop Trail # 134 originates in the campground and encircles the lake. It’s a 1.1 mile flat hike around the lake. ... From Randle, Washington travel south on State Highway 131 (Forest Roads 23 and 25). Veer left in 1 ...Adams, Mount, Washington 12278'Mount Adams (Washington) Mount Adams is the second-highest mountain in the Pacific Northwest of North America. It is a volcano in the Cascade Range. Adams is located about 35 miles (56 km) east of Mount St. Helens . Mount Adams. Mount Adams, one of the prominent peaks in the Cascades range, stands tall in the southern part of Washington state. This majestic stratovolcano is second only to Mount Rainier in terms of its elevation within the state, reaching approximately 12,281 feet at its highest point. Its sheer dimensions and magnificent beauty make it a ... The eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 A.D. destroyed the Roman city of Pompeii and the volcano continues to threaten the inhabitants of modern-day Naples and neighboring communities i...About THE ECETI RANCH. Mount Adams. An unprecedented event is unfolding in a small town known as Trout Lake, Washington. This event has the potential to change the course and destiny of Humanity and the Earth. The people of Earth are being offered a chance to join the rest of the universe in peace. The technologies to end disease, clean up and ...Mt. Adams is a striking feature of the western skyline from here in the Yakima Valley of Central Washington. Here's what it looked like from our neighborhood at sunrise a few months back: The towering volcanic cone looks close enough to touch, but in reality, reaching the base of Washington's second highest peak requires a…Adams and Mt. Hood in the beautiful Columbia River Gorge, in the rain shadow of Washington's and Oregon's Cascade Range. HOMEGROWN. QUALITY. VARIETY ...Feb 1, 2016 · Mount Adams offers so much scenery, but you have to know where to look, or else you might miss it. Mount Adams is the second highest mountain in Washington (after Mount Rainier), and the second largest volcano in the Cascade Range (after Mt. Shasta). At an elevation of 12,276 feet, Mt. Adams is the second highest peak in Washington; however, with an 18-mile wide diameter it is the largest volcano by bulk in the state. Its glaciers, along with adjoining ridges and permanent snow fields, sport many climbing routes of varying difficulty to the summit. Mount Adams. Mount Adams, one of the prominent peaks in the Cascades range, stands tall in the southern part of Washington state. This majestic stratovolcano is second only to Mount Rainier in terms of its elevation within the state, reaching approximately 12,281 feet at its highest point. Its sheer dimensions and magnificent beauty make it a ... Things to Do in Washington. Mount Adams. 4 reviews. #1,910 of 5,255 things to do in Washington. Mountains. Write a review. About. One of …Mount Adams is more than just a geographical feature in Washington’s landscape; it is a symbol of natural beauty, a reservoir of cultural heritage for the Yakima and other tribes, and a hub for outdoor activities. Its prominence in the Cascades leaves an indelible mark on Washington state’s identity, making it a must-visit destination for ...Learn about the history, geography, and best time to visit Mount Adams, the second-highest peak and the largest volcano by bulk in Washington. Find out how to …Climb one of the Cascade giants in Washington State for a fantastic ski or snowboard descent with over 6,000 vertical feet. Mt. Adams is one of the favorite volcanoes in the Cascade Range for those want to summit one of the bigger mountains of in Washington and ski down from the top. Due to its moderately sloped south face, it offers …
The last confirmed eruption of Mt. Shasta occurred in 1786, before reliable records were kept in the area, and casualty figures for the event are not known. It is known that the ar.... Alaska car transport
About THE ECETI RANCH. Mount Adams. An unprecedented event is unfolding in a small town known as Trout Lake, Washington. This event has the potential to change the course and destiny of Humanity and the Earth. The people of Earth are being offered a chance to join the rest of the universe in peace. The technologies to end disease, clean up and ... Mount Adams, Washington simplified hazards map showing potential impact area for ground-based hazards during a volcanic event. During much of its history, Mount Adams has displayed a relatively limited range of eruptive styles. Highly explosive eruptions have been rare, and compared to the tens of large explosive eruptions at …Mt Adams is the second tallest volcano in the Cascades and is one of the easiest to climb. There are two main nontechnical routes up Mt Adams, the well-known and crowded route on the south face, and the lesser traveled north cleaver route. The north cleaver offers solitude, views of Rainier, high alpine lakeside camping, and a true …Nov 8, 2023 · The greatest hazard at Mount Adams, in common with many large stratovolcanoes, is from landslides, debris avalanches, and lahars. At ice-capped Mount Adams, meltwater produced by rapid melting of snow and ice could bulk rapidly into a potentially destructive lahar by incorporation of volcanic rock and soil as it travels downslope. Mount Adams, one of the largest volcanoes in the Cascade Range (12,276 feet), dominates the Mount Adams volcanic field in Skamania, Yakima, Klickitat, and Lewis counties of Washington State, and the Yakima Indian Reservation of south-central Washington. The nearby Indian Heaven and Simcoe Mountains volcanic fields lie west and southeast ... This area is located in the eastern portions of Gifford Pinchot National Forest in southwest Washington, and comprises 367,000 acres. This area includes Mt. Adams Wilderness, Indian Heaven Wilderness and Trapper Creek Wilderness. The Lewis River Recreation Area is within Mt. Adams Ranger District. The Lewis River Recreation Area is a 14-mile ...One climber even had the audacity to smoke marijuana in front of everyone, and then I remembered that this was legal in Washington State. I went off the trail ...From May 1st to Sept. 30th A Mt. Adams Climbing Activity pass is required for any climbing activity above 7000' elevation Passes are available on-line only at Recreation.gov. Purchase your pass before your trip as the area lacks cell coverage. Contact the Mt. Adams Ranger District 509-395-3402 for further information. Mt. Adams Climbing information Hiking Sunrise Peak. Jutting 5892 feet into the air above the forested slopes of the surrounding hillsides, Sunrise Peak’s rocky summit offers enterprising hikers some of the best early morning views of Mount Adams you can get in the state. If a sunrise hike is a tall order, don’t worry. The views from Sunrise Peak are marvelous all day. Mt. Adams Wilderness is just outside the campground to the south. Numerous trails are nearby including the High Lakes Trail #116, Keenes Trail #120 and Muddy Meadows Trail #13. Be sure to fill out a Wilderness Permit before riding in the designated Wilderness. ... From Randle, Washington travel south on State Highway 131 (Forest Roads 23 and 25 ...Mount Adams, known by some Native American tribes as Pahto or Klickitat, is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range. Although Adams has not erupted in more than 1,000 years, it is not considered extinct. It is the second-highest mountain in Washington, after Mount Rainier. Adams, … See more From May 1st to Sept. 30th A Mt. Adams Climbing Activity pass is required for any climbing activity above 7000' elevation Passes are available on-line only at Recreation.gov. Purchase your pass before your trip as the area lacks cell coverage. Contact the Mt. Adams Ranger District 509-395-3402 for further information. Mt. Adams Climbing information Overview: Hike through beautiful woods, subalpine meadows, and glacial moraines to a viewpoint over Iceberg Lake. Opinion: I can say that after hiking all over Washington, including Cascade Pass in the North Cascades, and both Pinnacle Peak and 3rd Burroughs Mountain in Mount Rainier National Park, the Iceberg Lake Hike on Mount Adams was the most breathtaking and memorable. The scenery was on ... Mount Adams (Klickitat) is the second highest mountain in Washington, second only to Mount Rainier, and the largest peak in the state by volume. A member of the Cascade … Mount Adams: South Spur and Mazama Glacier. Proceed cautiously on this 11.7-mile out-and-back trail near Trout Lake, Washington. Generally considered a highly challenging route, it takes an average of 10 h 30 min to complete and should only be attempted by experienced adventurers. This is a very popular area for backpacking, hiking, and rock ... From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Mount Adams is a stratovolcano in the Cascade Range and the second highest mountain in the Pacific Northwest of the United States (Mount Rainier is the tallest).Adams is located in a remote wilderness approximately 35 miles (56 km) east of Mount St. Helens.The Mount Adams Wilderness only comprises …Overview. Eruptions from Mount Adams began about 520 ka, although scattered basaltic eruptions from the surrounding volcanic field began by about 940 ka. ….